The main characters of the story are Turgenev's first love. Characters of the story: Maidanov

The first love

"The first love"- a story by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, which tells about the feelings and emotional experiences of a young hero associated with them, whose semi-childish love came into an insoluble clash with the drama and sacrifice of adult love. First published in 1860 in the Russian Empire.

History of creation

Written by Ivan Turgenev in January-March 1860 in St. Petersburg. Written on the basis of personal emotional experience and events in the writer's family. As Turgenev himself put it about the story: The real incident is described without the slightest embellishment ... I portrayed my father. Many condemned me for this, and in particular they condemned me for the fact that I never hid it. But I don't think there's anything wrong with that. I have nothing to hide».

Artistically, the story is made as a recollection of an elderly man who talks about his first love. The protagonist of the work, sixteen-year-old Vladimir, arrives with his family at a country estate, where he meets the beautiful twenty-one-year-old Zinaida Aleksandrovna Zasekina. Vladimir falls in love with Zinaida, but besides him, there are a number of other young people around the heroine seeking her favor. The hero's feelings are not reciprocated, Zinaida, who has a capricious and playful character, plays the hero, sometimes mocks him, ridiculing his comparative youth. Later, Vladimir discovers that the true object of Zinaida's love is his own father, Pyotr Vasilyevich. Vladimir secretly observes the meeting between his father and Zinaida and realizes that his father is leaving her and leaves the estate. A little later, Pyotr Vasilyevich dies of a stroke. Some time later, Vladimir learns about the marriage of Zinaida with Mr. Dolsky and subsequent death during childbirth.

Heroes and prototypes

Vladimir Petrovich - the author himself, Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, is the prototype.
Zinaida Alexandrovna - the prototype is Princess Ekaterina Lvovna Shakhovskaya, a poetess, the writer's first love and his father's mistress. In September 1835, a year after the death of S. N. Turgenev, Shakhovskaya married Lev Kharitonovich Vladimirov. June 22, 1836 gave birth to a boy and died six days later.
Pyotr Vasilievich - the prototype is the father of the writer Sergei Nikolaevich Turgenev. Sergei Nikolaevich married a woman who was much older than him (the mother of the writer Varvara Petrovna Lutovinova). Liked by women. He had an affair with Ekaterina Lvovna Shakhovskaya, soon after parting with whom he died.

Screen adaptations

First Love (1968) - director Vasily Ordynsky; Cast: Vadim Vlasov, Irina Pechernikova, Innokenty Smoktunovsky
First Love (1995) - director Roman Balayan; with Anna Mikhalkova, Andrey Ishchenko, Marina Neyolova

I.S. Turgenev had a huge influence not only on literature, but also on the perception of the world among his readers, it is not for nothing that the term "Turgenev's girl" tightly entered the speech of educated people and became a household name for the canonical female image in national culture. This author has created a wide variety of works, but they are united by deep poetry in every word. She is also imbued with his "First Love".

In 1844, I.S. Turgenev met French singer Pauline Viardot and fell in love. As it turned out, forever. They quarreled, reconciled, the writer followed his beloved everywhere. But this love was doomed, and at the same time selfless. It was this feeling that gave rise to a number of lyric-philosophical stories with a tragic love story, among which "First Love", published in 1860. In these works, feeling is a disease that affects a person and deprives him of will and reason.

The book was written in January-March 1860. The plot collision was based on the real story of the writer's family: a love triangle between the young writer, his father and Princess Ekaterina Shakhovskaya. The author noticed that he had nothing to hide, and as for the condemnation of Turgenev's frankness by acquaintances, he did not care.

Genre: short story or short story?

A story is a small prose work that has a single storyline, one conflict and reflects a separate episode in the life of the characters. The story is an epic genre, standing between the novel and the short story in terms of volume, has a more complex and branched plot, and the conflict is a chain of episodes.

“First Love” can be called a story, since there are several main characters (in a story, most often one or two). The work depicts not a single episode, but a chain of events connected with the development of a love conflict. Also, the genre feature of the story can be called the fact that it is a story within a story. The narrator, who is also the main character, recalls episodes of his youth, so the introduction talks about the situation that led the narrator to memories: he talked with friends about first love, and his story turned out to be the most entertaining.

What is the piece about?

In the company of friends, the narrator recalls his youth, his first love. As a 16-year-old boy, Vladimir was fascinated by his neighbor in the country, 21-year-old Zinaida. The girl enjoyed the attention of young people, but did not take anyone seriously, but spent the evenings with them in fun and games. The heroine laughed at all admirers, including Vladimir, and did not take life seriously at all. But once…

The main character noticed a change in his beloved, it soon dawned on him: she fell in love! But who is the rival? The truth turned out to be terrible, this is the father of the protagonist, Pyotr Vasilyevich, who married his mother by calculation, treats both her and his son with disdain. Pyotr Vasilievich is not interested in the scandal, because love ends quickly. Soon he dies of a stroke, Zinaida marries and also dies in childbirth.

Main characters and their characteristics

The description of the heroes of the story "First Love" is dramatic and in itself gives rise to a conflict of interest. In a family where there is no harmony, love was perceived by men as a means to forget, or to feel needed. However, in pursuit of personal happiness, they did not delve into the hidden depths of Zinaida's personality, and did not discern her essence. She poured out all the heat of her heart into an ice vessel and destroyed herself. Thus, the main characters of the work became victims of their own blindness, inspired by passion.

Vladimir- A 16-year-old nobleman, still under family care, but striving for independence and adulthood. He is embraced by dreams of love, happiness, harmony, he idealizes all feelings, especially love. However, for the main character himself, love became a tragedy. Vladimir forgot about everything, he was ready to be constantly at the feet of Zinaida, he was absorbed only by her. And after a dramatic denouement, he mentally aged, all dreams of a brilliant future were shattered, only the ghost of unfulfilled love remained.
Zinaida- 21-year-old impoverished princess. She was in a hurry and longed to live, as if she had a premonition that there was not much time left. The main character of the story "First Love" could not appease all her inner passion, around, despite the large selection of men, there was no beloved. And she chose the most unsuitable, for the sake of which she despised all prohibitions and decency, and for him she was just another entertainment. She married in a hurry to hide her shame, died giving birth to a child from an unloved one ... So ended a life full of only one, also unfulfilled love.
Petr Vasilievich is the father of the protagonist. He married a woman who was 10 years older, because of the money, managed and pushed her around. He watered his son with cold contempt. The family was completely superfluous in his life, all the same it did not cause him satisfaction. But the young neighbor, having fallen in love with him with all her heart, caused a taste for life for a short time. However, he could not leave his wife, it is unprofitable, to allow a scandal too. That is why the hero simply left his mistress to the mercy of fate.

Topic

The main theme of the story is love. She is different here. And the humiliating feeling of Vladimir's mother for her husband: a woman is ready for anything, just not to lose her husband, she is afraid of him, afraid to admit to herself that he does not love her. And the hopeless, sacrificial love of Vladimir: he agrees to any role in order to be next to Zinaida, even a page, even a jester. And Zinaida herself has a passionate obsession: for the sake of Pyotr Vasilyevich, she becomes the same slave as his son before her. And love on occasion with the father of the protagonist: women liked him, a neighbor - a new hobby, an easy affair.
The result of love is the following theme - loneliness. And Vladimir, and Zinaida, and Pyotr Vasilyevich are broken by this love triangle. After the tragic denouement, no one remained the same, they all ended up alone forever, died morally, and failed lovers later physically.
Family Theme. Of particular importance in the work is the unfavorable climate in the home of the protagonist. It was he who made him beg for love. The complexes received from the cold rejection of the father were expressed in relation to Zinaida. This slavish worship destroyed his chances of success.

Issues

Moral problems are revealed in the work in several aspects. Firstly, does Zinaida's life deserve understanding, the crowd of admirers around her, with whom she plays like pawns? Secondly, can forbidden love, transgressing all moral norms, be happy? The plot development of events answers these questions in the negative: the main character is punished for her neglect of her admirers by the disdainful attitude of her beloved, and their relationship inevitably leads to a break. And indirectly led to the death of both. However, the reader sympathizes with Zinaida, she is full of a thirst for life, this causes involuntary sympathy. In addition, she is capable of a deep feeling that commands respect.

The problem of power in love is most fully expressed in the relationship between Zinaida and Pyotr Vasilyevich. The girl ruled over her past gentlemen and felt very cheerful. But true love came, and with it suffering. And even suffering from a loved one is sweet. And no power is needed. Pyotr Vasilyevich hit her with a whip, and she gently raised the reddened place to her lips, because this was a trace from him.

Idea

The main idea of the story is the all-consuming power of love. Whatever it is, happy or tragic, it is like a fever that suddenly seizes and does not let go, and if it goes away, it leaves devastation. Love is powerful and sometimes destructive, but this feeling is wonderful, you cannot live without it. You can only exist. The protagonist remembered his youthful emotions forever, his first love revealed to him the meaning and charm of being, even if distorted by suffering.

And the writer himself was unhappy in love, and his hero too, but even the most tragic passion is the best discovery in human life, because for the sake of those moments when you are in seventh heaven with happiness, it is worth enduring the bitterness of loss. In suffering, people are cleansed, revealing new facets of their souls. Taking into account the autobiographical nature of the story, we can say that the author, without his fatal and sad muse, as well as the pain caused by her, could not have penetrated so deeply into the essence of romantic relationships. The main idea of "First Love" would be far from him, and it is necessary to suffer and learn from one's own experience, since only the one who experienced it will write convincingly about the tragedy of love.

What does the story teach?

The moral lessons in Turgenev's story consist of several points:

Conclusion: "First Love" inspires us to be bold in expressing our emotions. There is no need to be afraid of love, because the most unrequited affection is the most beautiful memory. It is better to experience happiness for a moment than to be unhappy all your life because you preferred peace to spiritual torment.
Moral: Everyone gets what they deserve. Zinaida played with men - and now she is a pawn in the hands of Pyotr Vasilyevich. He himself married by calculation, rejected a neighbor - died of a stroke, "burned out." But Vladimir, despite the tragedy, received the brightest memory in his life, and at the same time his conscience is calm, because he did not injure anyone and sincerely gave himself to tender affection.

"First Love" has been around for over 150 years. However, this work does not lose its relevance. How many people it was the first feelings that broke their hearts forever! But, nevertheless, everyone carefully keeps these emotions in the soul. And the beauty with which this book is written makes you re-read it many times.

"First Love" is a touching story of the first love of a sixteen-year-old teenager, which left an indelible mark on his soul for the rest of his life.

Summary of "First Love" for the reader's diary

Time and place of the plot

The story takes place in 1833. At first, the events take place in the suburbs of Moscow, where the main characters rested in the country, then in Moscow itself, and after - in St. Petersburg.

main characters

Vladimir is a sixteen-year-old young man, passionate, in love, deeply decent.

Zinaida is a beautiful young princess, intelligent and educated, with a passionate nature.

Pyotr Vasilievich is Vladimir's father, an intelligent, freedom-loving man of forty.

Vladimir's mother is a calm, wise woman who was older than her husband.

Princess Zasekina- the mother of Zinaida, who, despite the title, was a poorly educated, untidy woman with bad manners.

Plot

Being a forty-year-old respectable man, Vladimir Petrovich V. Shared with close friends the story of his first love.

Sixteen-year-old Vladimir lived with his parents in a dacha, where he diligently prepared for the upcoming entrance exams to the university. Soon, new guests moved into the neighboring outbuilding - Princess Zasekina and her daughter. When Vladimir saw the princess, the twenty-one-year-old beauty Zinaida, he immediately fell in love with her without memory. He dreamed of getting to know her, and soon he had an opportunity to do so.

One day, Volodya's mother sent him to the Zasekins with an offer to pay a visit. The young man was unpleasantly surprised by the behavior and manners of the princess, while Zinaida behaved impeccably. For almost the entire evening, she talked with Vladimir's father, paying no attention to the young man, and only before leaving asked to pay her a visit. Vladimir began to visit the Zasekins almost every evening. He fell head over heels in love with Zinaida, but the girl saw only a child in him, and showed no interest in him.

Beautiful, smart, well-educated Zinaida was a great success with men, and was always surrounded by fans. Unexpectedly for herself, she fell in love with Vladimir's father, Pyotr Vasilyevich, who was twenty years older than her. Zinaida's feelings were so strong that she was not afraid to sacrifice her own reputation for the sake of love.

Once Vladimir became an unwitting witness to a meeting between his father and Zinaida. Their relationship shook the young man to the core, but he did not dare to condemn the lovers. When the relationship between Pyotr Vasilyevich and Zinaida became known to Vladimir's mother, and then to the entire local society, a serious scandal erupted, and the Zasekins had to return to Moscow. Before their departure, Vladimir managed to confess his love to Zinaida.

Some time later, Vladimir again witnessed the meeting of his father and Zinaida. The girl tried to convince Pyotr Vasilyevich of something, but he responded by hitting her with a whip on her arm. Vladimir was shocked by the reaction of his beloved - she raised her hand to her lips and kissed the mark from the blow.

Vladimir's family settled in St. Petersburg, where the young man entered the university. Six months later, Pyotr Vasilievich died of a heart attack, having received a mysterious letter from Moscow before that.

After graduating from university, Vladimir found out that Zinaida was married. He wanted to visit her, but kept putting off the meeting. When Vladimir arrived at the address, he found out that his first love had died a few days ago during childbirth.

Conclusion and opinion

First love strikes on the spot - having neither experience nor idea of this feeling, young people find themselves unarmed in front of her. This feeling leaves a big imprint in the soul, forms a personality, lays down an attitude towards the opposite sex. The author shows how difficult the first love was for the hero, but he endured this difficult test with great dignity.

the main idea

First love is rarely happy, but it is she who leaves the strongest memories, painful and at the same time sweet.

Author's aphorisms

“... I didn’t have a first love,” he finally said, “I just started with a second one ...”

“... Take what you can yourself, but don’t give into your hands; to belong to oneself - this is the whole thing of life ... "

“... sacrificing oneself is sweet for others. ... "

“... Everything was over. All my flowers were torn out at once and lay around me, scattered and trampled ... "

Interpretation of obscure words

to say- say, pronounce.

Drag- take care of the woman you like.

linger- slow down.

gouverneur- a teacher of children who lives in a strange house.

Young lady- respectful address to the girl.

New words

Outbuilding- additional extension to the residential building.

Sealing wax- colored fusible mixture, which is used to seal various containers.

patronage- protection, intercession, and assistance provided to someone who has a lower position.

Story test

Rating of the reader's diary

Average rating: 4.3. Total ratings received: 135.

The story of Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev "First Love" tells about the emotional experiences of a young hero, whose childhood feelings have grown into an almost insoluble problem of adult life and relationships. The work also touches on the relationship between father and son.

History of creation

The story was written and published in 1860 in St. Petersburg. The work was based on the real emotional experience of the writer, so a clear parallel can be drawn between his biography and the events of the story, where Volodya or Vladimir Petrovich is Ivan Sergeevich himself.

In particular, in his work, Turgenev fully described his father. He became the prototype for the character of Peter Vasilyevich. As for Zinaida Aleksandrovna herself, the prototype for her character was the first love of Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, who was also his father's mistress.

Due to such frankness and transferring the lives of real people to the pages of the story, the public met her rather ambiguously. Many condemned Turgenev for his excessive frankness. Although the writer himself has repeatedly admitted that he does not see anything wrong with such a description.

Analysis of the work

Description of the artwork

The composition of the story is built as Volodya's recollection of his youth, namely, the first almost childish, but serious love. Vladimir Petrovich is a 16-year-old boy, the protagonist of the work, who comes to a country family estate with his father and other relatives. Here he meets a girl of incredible beauty - Zinaida Alexandrovna, with whom he falls irrevocably in love.

Zinaida loves to flirt and has a very capricious disposition. Therefore, he allows himself to accept courtship from other young people, in addition to Volodya, without making any choice in favor of any one, specific candidate for the role of his official boyfriend.

Volodya's feelings do not reciprocate in her, sometimes the girl allows herself to mock him, ridiculing their age difference. Later, the main character learns that his own father has become the object of desire for Zinaida Alexandrovna. Unnoticed spying on the formation of their relationship, Vladimir understands that Pyotr Vasilyevich has no serious intentions towards Zinaida and plans to leave her soon. Having accomplished his plan, Peter leaves the country house, after which he suddenly dies for everyone. On this, Vladimir stops his communication with Zinaida. After a while, however, he learns that she got married and then died suddenly during childbirth.

main characters

Vladimir Petrovich is the main character of the story, a 16-year-old boy who moves to a country estate with his family. The prototype of the character is Ivan Sergeevich himself.

Pyotr Vasilyevich is the father of the protagonist, who married Vladimir's mother because of her rich inheritance, who, in addition, was much older than himself. The character was based on a real-life person, the father of Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev.

Zinaida Alexandrovna is a young 21-year-old girl who lives next door. Has a very frivolous disposition. It has an arrogant and capricious character. Due to her beauty, she is not deprived of the constant attention of suitors, including from Vladimir Petrovich and Pyotr Vasilyevich. The prototype of the character is considered to be Princess Ekaterina Shakhovskaya.

The autobiographical work "First Love" is directly related to the life of Ivan Sergeevich, describes his relationship with his parents, mainly with his father. A simple plot and ease of presentation, which Turgenev is so famous for, helps the reader to quickly immerse himself in the very essence of what is happening around, and most importantly, to believe in sincerity and experience with the author all his emotional experience, from appeasement and delight to real hatred. After all, there is only one step from love to hate. It is this process that the story mainly illustrates.

The work demonstrates exactly how the relationship between Volodya and Zinaida is changing, and also illustrates all the changes between the son and father when it comes to love for the same woman.

The turning point of the protagonist's growing up emotionally is perfectly described by Ivan Sergeevich, because his real life experience is taken as the basis.

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev is a famous Russian writer, whose work is interesting to readers of many countries and generations.

Glory came to this greatest writer not only thanks to novels and short stories. Numerous stories, plays, poems in prose played an important role. He was a very versatile writer.

The author did not pursue quantity. It is known that he wrote his works slowly, nurturing the idea for a long time. Despite this, his works regularly appeared on the pages of magazines and in separate books.

The famous story "First Love" Turgenev wrote when he was already 42 years old. In his work, he tried to comprehend the past years, to understand his past. Therefore, the entire literary plot is saturated with autobiography.

The history of the creation and design of the story "First Love"

Turgenev's story with a beautiful and unusual title - "First Love" was written by the author at a time when he was in the city on the Neva. It is known that the events that once happened to the writer himself served as the basis for the author's plot. And so, being in St. Petersburg from January to March 1860, he takes on his new work, the idea of which had long been born in his head.

According to the plot, the author tells about emotional experiences that caused new feelings in the main character. A small childhood love on the pages of Turgenev's story turns into adult love, filled with tragedy and sacrifice. It is known that almost every hero of this work had prototypes, since this story was written on the basis of the author's personal emotional experience and the events that once happened in his family.

As the writer himself later admitted, he tried to portray all events as they are, without hiding or embellishing anything.

"A real incident is described without the slightest embellishment."

The author believed that there was nothing wrong with telling the truth, he had nothing to hide, and someone would take his plot as a model and this would help to avoid many mistakes and tragedies. This Turgenev story was first published in Russia, the year of its publication is 1860.

The plot of Turgenev's story "First Love" is built as if it were memories. The story is told from the perspective of an elderly man who remembers his first love. The main character of his story, the author took the young man Vladimir, who was barely 16 years old.

According to the plot, the main character, along with his family, goes to rest in a family estate, which is located outside the city. In this rural peace and tranquility, he meets a young and beautiful girl. Zinaida at that time was already 21 years old. But Vladimir is not at all embarrassed by the age difference. So the main female character appears in Turgenev's story - Zinaida Alexandrovna Zasekina. Of course, she is young and beautiful, so it's hard not to fall in love. Yes, Vladimir fell in love with Zina, but it turns out that he is not the only one in love. Around a pretty girl there are constantly applicants for her location.

But the character of the girl is not the most diligent. Realizing that men really like her, Zina is not averse to sometimes cruelly making fun of them. So she doesn’t like Vladimir at all, but, seeing his suffering, she decides to play him a little, showing her capricious and playful disposition. Sometimes Zinaida Alexandrovna makes fun of him in front of everyone, because he is too young. But Turgenev's hero endures all this, as he is deeply in love. And only after some time Vladimir suddenly finds out that Zinaida is also very much in love and this object of her love is his father.

One day he witnesses a secret meeting between Zinaida Alexandrova and Pyotr Vasilyevich, his father. From everything he saw and said, he understood that his father left the girl forever, because the whole family was leaving back to the city from the village. And a week later, Vladimir's father has a completely unexpected stroke, and he dies. Zinaida is getting married very soon to some Mr. Dolsky. Four years later, the young woman dies in childbirth.

Prototypes of the heroes of Turgenev's story "First Love"

All Turgenev's heroes in his story "First Love" have fictitious names, but according to the memoirs of contemporaries, they all have prototypes. As soon as the story came out, everyone recognized real people in it: the writer himself, his mother, father and the girl with whom the author was in love. Let's take a closer look at their prototypes:

♦ Vladimir, Turgenev's main hero is the author himself, Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev.

♦ Zinaida Alexandrovna - Princess Ekaterina Lvovna Shakhovskaya, who was a poetess. It is known that the young author was deeply in love with her, but it soon became clear that she was his father's mistress. Her fate: marriage and death after childbirth, were in reality.

♦ Pyotr Vasilyevich, the father of the protagonist - Sergei Nikolayevich Turgenev, who married a woman for convenience. Varvara Petrovna Lutovinova was much older than him, and he did not love her at all. Hence his romances with other women.

It is known that due to the fact that the marriage of the writer's father was not for love, the novels of Sergei Nikolayevich were frequent. His wife, the mother of the writer, was engaged in housekeeping, stood firmly on her feet. Therefore, the couple lived on their own. In the story, the author shows such a married couple, from the relationship of which their son suffers - a completely young creature. It is easy to recognize the author himself. This whole story takes place at the moment when Ivan Turgenev lives in a village, in the Moscow region, in order to prepare for exams for entering the university.

The young man is passionately in love, and the girl flirts and jokes with him. Volodya completely forgets about his studies and thinks only about Zinochka. Therefore, so much in Turgenev's story is devoted to describing the experiences and feelings of a young man, which are constantly changing and in some ways even resemble a storm, a flash. It is worth noting that Volodya is still happy, although the girl just laughs at him. But still, the anxiety gradually grows, and soon the young man begins to understand that Zina is not so simple: she has a secret life and she is also in love with someone.

Soon, not only the hero, but also the readers begin to guess who Zinaida is in love with. The tone of the whole narrative of Turgenev's story changes greatly and the word "love", which before that was stormy and enthusiastic, becomes dark and tragic. The feelings of the girl are much deeper than that of the main character. And Vladimir understands that this is what true love is. It's so different, everyone has their own, which is impossible to understand and explain. And as confirmation of this - the ending of the story, where the hero becomes a witness to the explanation of two people in love who cannot be together.

But Volodya is not offended by them, realizing that this love is real and he has no right to condemn or interfere with such true love. This love is multifaceted, beautiful, complex. The author himself tried to find it all his life.

Composition of Turgenev's story

In its composition, Turgenev's story "First Love" is a rather simple work, but deep and meaningful. It has twenty chapters. The narrative is built in the form of memories, so the presentation is sequential and in the first person, since the author is the main character himself, who talks about what happened to him in his youth. Although the name, of course, has been changed: Vladimir Petrovich.

Turgenev's story begins with a short prologue that shows the background to all these memories and introduces the reader to what they are about to learn. So, Vladimir, being at the age, in one of the companies tells the story of his first and tragic love. He does not want to tell his friends orally, as they did, but informs them that he will definitely write this story and read it to them at the next new meeting. And he keeps his word. After that, the story itself follows.

Detailed analysis of the twelfth chapter of Turgenev's story

A special place in the entire Turgenev story is occupied by the twelfth chapter, which is the culmination of the entire plot. It is here, in this chapter, that the hero's feelings reach their highest intensity. In it, the author describes that feeling, better than which he never had in his life. The plot of this chapter allows you to understand a girl who at first seems frivolous and not serious, but it turns out that she is capable of suffering and deep and serious feelings. But only these "illegal" feelings become a real tragedy for her, and, most likely, this pushes her to commit unpredictable, and sometimes cruel acts.

The author argued that what he had to endure at the age of 16 is simply bliss, which, unfortunately, will never happen again. The writer measured a lot of things in life through love, therefore, his heroes in Turgenev's story pass through the test of love. Ivan Sergeevich shows that his heroes must necessarily take place as individuals. Turgenev's psychologism is always secret, he does not give their open description, only general hints that helped readers plunge into the depths of sensuality. In this chapter, there are many experiences of Vladimir, which show his inner world, and this helps to understand the content of the entire work.

With the help of his work, Turgenev himself was able to relive his youthful excitement, and show the reader all the versatility of love.